Sentiero

C'è, Ci Sono, and È: Saying 'There Is' and 'It Is' in Italian

Knowing when to use c'è, ci sono, or è can feel like a linguistic puzzle, but the rules are surprisingly simple once you see them.

Level A1 · Updated 2026-07-02
A quiet Italian piazza in the morning, with a few people walking and a café with tables outside.
Quick answer

Use c'è for “there is” (one thing), ci sono for “there are” (several), and è for “it/he/she is” when describing or identifying. C'è un bar = there's a bar; ci sono due bar = there are two bars; il bar è chiuso = the bar is closed.

C'è means 'there is' (singular), and ci sono means 'there are' (plural). You use them to state the existence of something. È means 'it is' or 'he/she is', and you use it to describe something or someone, or to identify them.

01When do I use c'è and ci sono?

Use c'è (pronounced /tʃɛ/) for 'there is' when you're talking about a single item or an uncountable noun. Use ci sono (pronounced /tʃi ˈsono/) for 'there are' when you're talking about multiple items.

ItalianMeaningHear
C'è un tavolo libero?
/tʃɛ un ˈtavolo ˈlibero/
Is there a free table?
Sì, c'è.
/si tʃɛ/
Yes, there is.
Ci sono molti turisti qui.
/tʃi ˈsono ˈmolti tuˈristi kwi/
There are many tourists here.
Non c'è problema!
/non tʃɛ proˈblɛma/
There's no problem!
A real scene

At the market

Imagine you're at a bustling mercato in Florence. You want to know if a stall has fresh basil. You'd ask: 'C'è basilico fresco?' (Is there fresh basil?). If you're looking for specific types of cheese, you might ask: 'Ci sono pecorini diversi?' (Are there different pecorino cheeses?). You're asking about the existence of something.

02When do I use è?

È (pronounced /ɛ/, like the 'e' in 'bed') is the third-person singular form of the verb essere (to be). You use it to describe a noun, an adjective, or a profession, or to identify someone or something. It's like saying 'it is', 'he is', or 'she is'.

ItalianMeaningHear
Il caffè è buono.
/il kafˈfɛ ɛ ˈbwɔno/
The coffee is good.
Lei è italiana.
/lɛi ɛ itaˈljana/
She is Italian.
È un dottore.
/ɛ un dotˈtore/
He is a doctor.
È tardi.
/ɛ ˈtardi/
It is late.
Think of c'è and ci sono as answering 'Is there any...?' or 'Are there any...?'
You
Scusi, c'è un bagno qui?
Excuse me, is there a bathroom here?
Barista
Sì, c'è. È in fondo a destra.
Yes, there is. It's at the back on the right.
You
Grazie! E ci sono tavoli liberi fuori?
Thanks! And are there free tables outside?
Barista
No, non ci sono. Ma dentro è comodo.
No, there aren't. But inside it's comfortable.
Can I use *c'è* for 'he is' or 'she is'?
No, c'è is strictly for 'there is'. For 'he is' or 'she is', you must use è (e.g., Lui è alto - He is tall, or Lei è felice - She is happy). C'è focuses on existence, while è focuses on description or identity.
What about 'there isn't' and 'there aren't'?
Simply add non before c'è or ci sono. So, 'there isn't' becomes non c'è, and 'there aren't' becomes non ci sono. For example, Non c'è tempo (There isn't time) or Non ci sono problemi (There aren't problems).
Is *c'è* just a contraction of *ci è*?
Yes, exactly! Ci means 'there' (referring to a place or existence), and è is 'is'. When ci comes before a vowel, the 'i' drops and an apostrophe is added, forming c'è. This is a common contraction in Italian to make speech flow more smoothly.
— Aleksander
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